Effect of paracetamol on the storage cells of <i>Hypsibius exemplaris</i>—ultrastructural analysis

Abstract Tardigrades in their natural environment are exposed to various environmental toxicants, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or antipyretics such as paracetamol. This drug can enter the animal’s body through wall digestive system with food and affect biology of organisms. In this paper, we report for first time effects paracetamol on tardigrade storage cells. We analyzed short-term (7 days) long-term (28 exposure Hypsibius exemplaris cells three concentrations (0.2 µgxL−1, 230 1 mgxL−1). Our results showed that increasing concentration incubation increases number damaged mitochondria cells, autophagy is activated intensified. Moreover, relocation some organelles cell deformation may indicate cytoskeleton damage.